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The Impact of Trust on the Development of Structural and Social Bonds in B2B Companies
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
30-38
Received:
3 April 2021
Accepted:
19 April 2021
Published:
4 June 2021
Abstract: The present research examines the impact of trust, social and structural bonds, in a B2B relationship between companies in times of economic crisis. The aim of the research is to investigate the importance of trust, social and structural bonds in the creation and maintenance of long-term relationships in B2B firms. A quantitative research was carried out using a structured questionnaire, distributed by e-mail. Forty-four (44) medium and large companies, responded, based in Attica Greece, were sampled for the survey. According to the findings, companies have incorporated relational marketing into their philosophy. All of the participated companies maintain long-term partnerships with other companies in the sector. All the companies that took part in the survey have become aware of the important role that trust plays in their collaborations, as well as the role of structural bonds, while the results give less weight to social bonds. Companies choose long-term relationships, and the present research highlights the important role of a good partnership. Therefore, in order to survive, manufacturers develop cooperative relationships with each other in order to jointly face the challenges of the times. Project partnerships, consortia, associations of companies and joint partnerships are now being created in order to take part in public procurement or to undertake the execution of a project.
Abstract: The present research examines the impact of trust, social and structural bonds, in a B2B relationship between companies in times of economic crisis. The aim of the research is to investigate the importance of trust, social and structural bonds in the creation and maintenance of long-term relationships in B2B firms. A quantitative research was carri...
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A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development
Alpha Thullah,
Samuel Abdulai Jalloh
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
39-46
Received:
27 May 2021
Accepted:
7 June 2021
Published:
22 June 2021
Abstract: The Tourism industry has significantly contributed to diverse social and economic benefits in host communities or regions. Despite the gains that have been realized in the sector, a surging number of negative impacts has been associated with tourism development. This current study reviewed the literature on the economic, social and environmental impacts of tourism. Tourism has helped boost economic growth, increased the revenue base, created mass employment, and enhanced the development of small and medium size enterprises in host regions. Despite its positive economic strides, it has contributed to negative outcomes such as the increase in commodities prices, high cost of living and unstable tenure of service in host communities. Tourism development has resulted in positive socio-cultural impacts such as infrastructural development, and cultural exchanges. Nevertheless, it has led to socio-cultural problems, including congestion, soaring crime rates, resentment and conflicts in host communities. On the environment front, tourism has created profoundly disappointing environmental problems. These include carbon emissions, ecological disturbances and waste management problems. The aforementioned environmental problems depend on the type and scale of tourism and the level of environmental awareness of inbound tourists. To maximize the gains of tourism development, its development initiatives must explicitly consider the social and environmental dimensions. Also, the involvement of host communities in tourism planning is pivotal to sustainable tourism development.
Abstract: The Tourism industry has significantly contributed to diverse social and economic benefits in host communities or regions. Despite the gains that have been realized in the sector, a surging number of negative impacts has been associated with tourism development. This current study reviewed the literature on the economic, social and environmental im...
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Research on Preferential Policies of Value-added Tax for Epidemic Prevention and Control in China
Jiangyu Huang,
Changgui Dong
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
47-53
Received:
9 June 2021
Accepted:
25 June 2021
Published:
30 June 2021
Abstract: The effect of Value-added Tax (VAT) preferential tax policies on epidemic prevention and control is a hot topic of academic attention. Fiscal and taxation policies are conducive to economic recovery and social development. One of the functions of tax revenue is to regulate economic operation, which plays an important role in stabilizing economic operation during the COVID-19 period. To leverage of tax revenue, the government can reduce the economic pressure of social members during the epidemic period through tax relief, and guide enterprises to develop in better fields. VAT is still the largest source of tax revenue in our country, and its role in regulating economic operation is also very important. VAT has a positive impact on economic operation, can increase the development of the public health market, and contribute to epidemic prevention and control and post-epidemic economic recovery. This paper studied the VAT tax incentives during the epidemic period, and compared and analyzed the GDP data of the tertiary industry in 2020. The COVID-19 epidemic had a serious inhibiting effect on the economic development. The study found that some deficiencies of the preferential VAT tax policies for epidemic prevention and control: the preferential VAT tax policies for epidemic prevention and control need to be improved; The preferential policies of value-added tax in the field of public health need to be strengthened and Indirect taxes, mainly VAT, need to be strengthened to ensure people’s wellbeing. The following suggestions are put forward: defining the scope of application of VAT policy in epidemic prevention and control; formulating systematic preferential tax policies in the field of public health security and to safeguard people's livelihood as the goal of continuous improvement of China’s direct tax and indirect tax system.
Abstract: The effect of Value-added Tax (VAT) preferential tax policies on epidemic prevention and control is a hot topic of academic attention. Fiscal and taxation policies are conducive to economic recovery and social development. One of the functions of tax revenue is to regulate economic operation, which plays an important role in stabilizing economic op...
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