The Tourism industry has significantly contributed to diverse social and economic benefits in host communities or regions. Despite the gains that have been realized in the sector, a surging number of negative impacts has been associated with tourism development. This current study reviewed the literature on the economic, social and environmental impacts of tourism. Tourism has helped boost economic growth, increased the revenue base, created mass employment, and enhanced the development of small and medium size enterprises in host regions. Despite its positive economic strides, it has contributed to negative outcomes such as the increase in commodities prices, high cost of living and unstable tenure of service in host communities. Tourism development has resulted in positive socio-cultural impacts such as infrastructural development, and cultural exchanges. Nevertheless, it has led to socio-cultural problems, including congestion, soaring crime rates, resentment and conflicts in host communities. On the environment front, tourism has created profoundly disappointing environmental problems. These include carbon emissions, ecological disturbances and waste management problems. The aforementioned environmental problems depend on the type and scale of tourism and the level of environmental awareness of inbound tourists. To maximize the gains of tourism development, its development initiatives must explicitly consider the social and environmental dimensions. Also, the involvement of host communities in tourism planning is pivotal to sustainable tourism development.
| Published in | American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business (Volume 7, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12 |
| Page(s) | 39-46 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Environment, Social, Economic, Tourism Development, Impacts
| [1] | Mikayilov J. I, Mukhtarov S, Mammadov J. et al. (2019) Correction to: Re-evaluating the environmental impacts of tourism: does EKC exist?. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 32674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06433-y. |
| [2] | [UNWTO] United Nations World Tourism Organization (2018). In UNWTO tourism highlights: 2018 edition https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419876. |
| [3] | Urtasun A, and Gutiérrez I (2006) Tourism agglomeration and its impact on social welfare: An empirical approach to the Spanish case. Tourism Management 27, 901–912 doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.004. |
| [4] | Tugcu C. T (2014) Tourism and economic growth nexus revisited: A panel causality analysis for the case of the Mediterranean Region. Tourism Management 42, 207-212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.0 07. |
| [5] | [WTTC] World Travel and Tourism Council (2019). Travel and Tourism Economic Impact 2019. London: WTTC. |
| [6] | WTTC (2015) World travel & tourism council economic impact 2015 Mediterranean. http://www.wttc.org/media/fles/reports/economic%20impact%20research/regional%20201 5/mediterranean2015.pdf. |
| [7] | Tang C. F, Cheam, C. L, and Ong, S. C (2015): Comparing the contributions of tourism and nontourism exports to economic growth in Malaysia, Current Issues in Tourism. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2015.1057108. |
| [8] | Ayad T. H. A. E. L., and Ye S. (2015) The Economical and Social Impacts of Tourism on Kharga Oasis Local Citizens in Egypt. In: Zeng G. (eds) Tourism and Hospitality Development Between China and EU. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35910-1_1235910-1_12. |
| [9] | Brida J. G and Risso W. A (2010) Tourism as a determinant of long-run economic growth, Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 2: 1, 14-28 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19407960903542276. |
| [10] | Jenner, P. and Smith, C. (1992). Tourism industry and the environment, Special Report/EIU; 2453. |
| [11] | Sun, Y-Y and Higham, J (2021) Overcoming information asymmetry in tourism carbon management: The application of a new reporting architecture to Aotearoa New Zealand. Tourism Management 83, 104231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104231. |
| [12] | Fredline L, Deery M, and Jago L (2006) Development of a scale to assess the social impact of tourism within communities. CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd, Australia (search for link). |
| [13] | MacNeill, T, Wozniak, D (2018) The economic, social, and environmental impacts of cruise tourism. Tourism Management 66, 387-404 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.11.002. |
| [14] | Gao J., Xu W. and Zhang L (2019) Tourism, economic growth, and tourism-induced EKC hypothesis: evidence from the Mediterranean region. Empir Econ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-019-01787-1019-01787-1. |
| [15] | Huang X, Wall G, and Bao, J (2007) Comparative Review of Research on Environmental Impacts of Tourism in English and Chinese Literatures, Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 12: 1, 33-46 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941660601035928. |
| [16] | Zhang J, Madsen B, and Jensen-Butler C (2007) Regional Economic Impacts of Tourism: The Case of Denmark. Regional Studies 41: 6, 839-854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343400701281733. |
| [17] | Mochechela, M. M (2010) The Socio-Economic Impact of Tourism on Communities around the Pilanesberg National Park, North-West Province, South Africa. Master Theses, University of Limpopo. |
| [18] | UNWTO (United Nations World Tourism Organization) (2005). United Nations World Tourism Barometer, January, 3 (1), Madrid. |
| [19] | Strategic Road Map for the Development of Specialized Tourism Industry in Azerbaijan (2016) https://monitoring.az/assets/upload/files/d53a6f3606f2ec987a4084ee6664380e.pdf. |
| [20] | Bestard A. B, and Nadal J. R (2007) Modelling environmental attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management 28 (2007) 688-695 doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.004. |
| [21] | Tamene K and WONDIRAD, A (2019): Economic impacts of tourism on small-scale tourism enterprises (SSTEs) in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Tourism Sciences, DOI: 10.1080/15980634.2019.1592951. |
| [22] | Tsundoda T, and Mendlinger S (2009) Economic and Social Impact of Tourism on a Small Town: Peterborough New Hampshire. J. Service Science & Management, 2: 61-70. |
| [23] | Sanjeev G. M, and Birdie A. K. (2019). The tourism and hospitality industry in India: Emerging issues for the next decade. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 11 (4), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-05-2019-0030. |
| [24] | Simons D. G (1986) The Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism. A Review of Literature, Policy and Research Implications for New Zealand. New Zealand Tourist & Publicity Department Wellington, NEW ZEALAND. |
| [25] | US Travel Association (2018). Us travel and tourism overview 2017. https://www.ustravel.org/system/files/media_root/document/Research_Fact-Sheet_US-Travel https://www.ustravel.org/system/files/media_root/document/Research_Fact-Sheet_US https://www.ustravel.org/system/files/media_root/document/Research_Fact-Sheet_US-Travel-and-Tourism-Overview.pdfTravel-and-Tourism-Overview.pdfand-Tourism-Overview.pdf. |
| [26] | Thullah A, and Liu H (2020). The Socio-Economic Impacts of Tourism Development in Sierra Leone: A Pilot Study. European Business & Management. 6 (6), 128-135. doi: 10.11648/j.ebm.20200606.11. |
| [27] | UNWTO (United Nations World Trade Organization) (2016). Yearbook of tourism Statistics. Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organization. |
| [28] | Tang, C. F and Tan E. C (2015) Does tourism effectively stimulate Malaysia's economic growth? Tourism Management 46, 158-163 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.0 6.020. |
| [29] | Chen C-F, and Chiou-Wei, S. Z (2009) Tourism expansion, tourism uncertainty and economic growth: New evidence from Taiwan and Korea. Tourism Management 30, 812–818 doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.013. |
| [30] | Gokovali, U (2010) Contribution of Tourism to Economic Growth in Turkey, Anatolia, 21: 1, 139- 153, DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2010.9687095. |
| [31] | Schubert S. F, Brida J. G, Risso W. A, (2011). The impacts of international tourism demand on economic growth of small economies dependent on tourism. Tourism Management 32 (2011) 377385 doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2010.03.0 07. |
| [32] | Nyasha, S., Odhiambo, N. M. and Asongu, S. A. (2020). The Impact of Tourism Development on Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Eur J Dev Res https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-020-00298-5020 https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-020-00298-500298-5. |
| [33] | Aratuo D. N, and Etienne, X. L (2019) Industry level analysis of tourism-economic growth in the United States. Tourism Management 70, 333–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.004. |
| [34] | Gil-Alana, L. A, dos Santos Figueiredo, O. H, Wanke, P (2019). Structural breaks in Brazilian tourism revenues: Unveiling the impact of exchange rates and sports mega-events. Tourism Management 74, 207–211 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.03.006. |
| [35] | Sánchez-Rivero, M and Cárdenas-García, P. J (2014) Population characteristics and the impact of tourism on economic development, Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 16: 4, 615-635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2014.889207. |
| [36] | Guo Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, and Zheng C. (2018). Examining the relationship between social capital and community residents’ perceived resilience in tourism destinations. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26 (6), 973–986. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1428335. |
| [37] | Schmudde R (2015) Equestrian Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas in Iceland-An Analysis of the Environmental and Social Impacts. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 15: 1-2, 91-104, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2014.1000713. |
| [38] | Haralambopoulos N, and Pizam A. (1996) Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of Samos. Annals of Tour-ism Research, 23, 503–526. |
| [39] | Xiao-li, L, Chun-you, W, Gui-rong, X (2006) Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation on Resident’s Perceptions of Tourism Impacts. Case of Jiuzhaigou National Park, Sichuan Province, China. Chinese Geographical Science. 16: 1, 87-94. |
| [40] | Assante L. M, Wen, H. I, and Lottig, K. J (2012) Conceptualization of Modeling Resident Attitudes on the Environmental Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Oahu, Hawaii, Tourism Planning & Development, 9: 2, 101-118, DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2011.631354. |
| [41] | Witt, S. F. (1991). Tourism in Cyprus, Balancing the benefits and costs. Travel Management, 12, 37–46. |
| [42] | Green H, Hunter C, Moore B (1990) Assessing the environmental impact of tourism development: Use of the Delphi technique. Tourism Management, 1990 https://coek.info/pdf https://coek.info/pdf-assessing-the-environmental-impact-of-tourism-development-.htmlassessing-the https://coek.info/pdf-assessing-the-environmental-impact-of-tourism-development-.htmlenvironmental-impact-of-tourism-development-.html. |
| [43] | Dubois, G (2005) Indicators for an Environmental Assessment of Tourism at National Level, Current Issues in Tourism, 8: 2-3, 140-154, DOI: 10.1080/13683500508668210. |
| [44] | Farsani N. T. Coelho C, and Costa, C. (2011). Geotourism and geoparks as novel strategies for socio-economic development in rural areas. International Journal of Tourism Research, 13 (1), 68– 81. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.800. |
| [45] | Janusz G. K., and Bajdor P. (2013). Towards to sustainable tourism-framework, activities and dimensions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 523–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00170-65671(13)00170-6. |
| [46] | Briassoulis H, and Straaten J. van der (2000). Tourism and the environment: Regional, economic, cultural and policy issues. Kluwer Acad. Publ. |
| [47] | Briassoulis H. (1992) Environmental Impacts of Tourism: A Framework for Analysis and Evaluation. In: Briassoulis H., van der Straaten J. (eds) Tourism and the Environment. Environment & Assessment, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2696-0_2011 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2696-0_22696-0_2. |
| [48] | UNWTO–UNEP–WMO (2008). Climate change and tourism: Responding to global challenges https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/book/10.18111/9789284412341. |
| [49] | Lee J. W and Brahmasrene T (2013) Investigating the influence of tourism on economic growth and carbon emissions: evidence from panel analysis of the European Union. Tour Manag 38: 69–76. |
| [50] | Katircioglu S. T, Feridun M, Kilinc C (2014) Estimating tourism-induced energy consumption and CO2 emissions: the case of Cyprus. Renew Sust Energ Rev 29: 634–640. |
| [51] | WTTC. (2009). Leading the challenge on climate change. London, United Kingdom. |
| [52] | Larsen G. R and Guiver, J. W (2013) Understanding tourists’ perceptions of distance: a key to reducing the environmental impacts of tourism mobility, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21: 7, 968-981 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.819878. |
| [53] | Leung Y-F (2001) Environmental Impacts of Tourism at China's World Heritage Sites: Huangshan and Chengde, Tourism Recreation Research, 26: 1, 117-122, DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2001.11081186. |
| [54] | Hiltunen M. J (2007): Environmental Impacts of Rural Second Home Tourism-Case Lake District in Finland, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7: 3, 243-265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15022250701312335. |
| [55] | Nyaupane G. P, and Thapa, B (2006) Perceptions of environmental impacts of tourism: A case study at ACAP, Nepal. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 13: 1, 51-61, DOI: 10.1080/13504500609469661. |
| [56] | Amuquandoh F. E (2010) Residents' perceptions of the environmental impacts of tourism in the Lake Bosomtwe Basin, Ghana, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18: 2, 223-238, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669580903298531. |
| [57] | Kim S, and Filimonau V (2017) On linguistic relativity and pro-environmental attitudes in tourism. Tourism Management 63 (2017) 158-16 9. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.06.012. |
| [58] | Baysan S (2001) Perceptions of the environmental impacts of tourism: A comparative study of the attitudes of German, Russian and Turkish tourists in Kemer, Antalya. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 3: 2, 218-235, DOI: 10.1080/14616680010030284. |
| [59] | Kim H, Borges M. C, and Chon J (2006) Impacts of environmental values on tourism motivation: The case of FICA, Brazil. Tourism Management 27, 957-967 doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2005.09.007. |
APA Style
Alpha Thullah, Samuel Abdulai Jalloh. (2021). A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business, 7(2), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12
ACS Style
Alpha Thullah; Samuel Abdulai Jalloh. A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development. Am. J. Theor. Appl. Bus. 2021, 7(2), 39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12
AMA Style
Alpha Thullah, Samuel Abdulai Jalloh. A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development. Am J Theor Appl Bus. 2021;7(2):39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12,
author = {Alpha Thullah and Samuel Abdulai Jalloh},
title = {A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development},
journal = {American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business},
volume = {7},
number = {2},
pages = {39-46},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajtab.20210702.12},
abstract = {The Tourism industry has significantly contributed to diverse social and economic benefits in host communities or regions. Despite the gains that have been realized in the sector, a surging number of negative impacts has been associated with tourism development. This current study reviewed the literature on the economic, social and environmental impacts of tourism. Tourism has helped boost economic growth, increased the revenue base, created mass employment, and enhanced the development of small and medium size enterprises in host regions. Despite its positive economic strides, it has contributed to negative outcomes such as the increase in commodities prices, high cost of living and unstable tenure of service in host communities. Tourism development has resulted in positive socio-cultural impacts such as infrastructural development, and cultural exchanges. Nevertheless, it has led to socio-cultural problems, including congestion, soaring crime rates, resentment and conflicts in host communities. On the environment front, tourism has created profoundly disappointing environmental problems. These include carbon emissions, ecological disturbances and waste management problems. The aforementioned environmental problems depend on the type and scale of tourism and the level of environmental awareness of inbound tourists. To maximize the gains of tourism development, its development initiatives must explicitly consider the social and environmental dimensions. Also, the involvement of host communities in tourism planning is pivotal to sustainable tourism development.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - A Review of the Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism Development AU - Alpha Thullah AU - Samuel Abdulai Jalloh Y1 - 2021/06/22 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12 T2 - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business JF - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business JO - American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Business SP - 39 EP - 46 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2469-7842 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtab.20210702.12 AB - The Tourism industry has significantly contributed to diverse social and economic benefits in host communities or regions. Despite the gains that have been realized in the sector, a surging number of negative impacts has been associated with tourism development. This current study reviewed the literature on the economic, social and environmental impacts of tourism. Tourism has helped boost economic growth, increased the revenue base, created mass employment, and enhanced the development of small and medium size enterprises in host regions. Despite its positive economic strides, it has contributed to negative outcomes such as the increase in commodities prices, high cost of living and unstable tenure of service in host communities. Tourism development has resulted in positive socio-cultural impacts such as infrastructural development, and cultural exchanges. Nevertheless, it has led to socio-cultural problems, including congestion, soaring crime rates, resentment and conflicts in host communities. On the environment front, tourism has created profoundly disappointing environmental problems. These include carbon emissions, ecological disturbances and waste management problems. The aforementioned environmental problems depend on the type and scale of tourism and the level of environmental awareness of inbound tourists. To maximize the gains of tourism development, its development initiatives must explicitly consider the social and environmental dimensions. Also, the involvement of host communities in tourism planning is pivotal to sustainable tourism development. VL - 7 IS - 2 ER -
Email: